Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a non-polar aromatic amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning that the body cannot synthesize it and it must be obtained from the diet. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3. It is encoded by the codon UGG.
Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH3; pKa= 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO; pKa= 2.38).
Tryptophan food source, egg white (10mg/g), spirulina (9.3mg/g), sesame seed (3.7mg/g), cheese (3.2mg/g), sunflower seeds (3.0mg/g), turkey (2.4mg/g), chicken (2.4mg/g), oats (2.3mg/g), beef (2.3mg/g), salmon (2.2mg/g), egg (1.7mg/g), poultry, chickpeas (1.9mg/g), milk (0.8mg/g), bananas (0.1mg/g), chocolate (13.3ug/g), peanuts, almond, rice, quinoa, potatoes, dried dates, yogurt etc Minimum daily intake for tryptophan is 4mg per kg (or 2.2lbs) body weight.
Limosilactobacillus is a thermophilic and heterofermentative genus of lactic acid bacteria created in 2020 by splitting from Lactobacillus. The name is derived from the Latin limosus "slimy", referring to the property of most strains in the genus to produce exopolysaccharides from sucrose. The genus currently includes 31 species or subspecies, most of these were isolated from the intestinal tract of humans or animals. Limosilactobacillus reuteri has been used as a model organism to evaluate the host-adaptation of lactobacilli to the human and animal intestine and for the recruitment of intestinal lactobacilli for food fermentations. Limosilactobacilli are heterofermentative and produce lactate, CO2, and acetate or ethanol from glucose; several limosilactobacilli, particularly strains of Lm. reuteri convert glycerol or 1,2-propanediol to 1,3 propanediol or propanol, respectively. Most strains do not grow in presence of oxygen, or in de Man, Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) mediu...